ECONOMICS

Detailed explanation-1: -The margin of safety is a financial ratio that measures the amount of sales that have exceeded the break-even point. This financial ratio indicates the actual profit of the company once it pays for all fixed and variable costs. You might wonder why it is known as the safety margin ratio.

Detailed explanation-2: -The margin of safety is the difference between the amount of expected profitability and the break-even point. The margin of safety formula is equal to current sales minus the breakeven point, divided by current sales.

Detailed explanation-3: -Break-even is the point at which revenue and total costs are the same, meaning the business is making neither a profit nor a loss. The break-even level of output informs a business of how many products it needs to sell to reach the break-even point (BEP).

Detailed explanation-4: -To calculate the break-even point in units use the formula: Break-Even point (units) = Fixed Costs ÷ (Sales price per unit – Variable costs per unit) or in sales dollars using the formula: Break-Even point (sales dollars) = Fixed Costs ÷ Contribution Margin.

Detailed explanation-5: -Margin of safety is a principle of investing in which an investor only purchases securities when their market price is significantly below their intrinsic value. In other words, when the market price of a security is significantly below your estimation of its intrinsic value, the difference is the margin of safety.