ECONOMICS

Detailed explanation-1: -How to calculate discount rate. There are two primary discount rate formulas-the weighted average cost of capital (WACC) and adjusted present value (APV). The WACC discount formula is: WACC = E/V x Ce + D/V x Cd x (1-T), and the APV discount formula is: APV = NPV + PV of the impact of financing.

Detailed explanation-2: -If you use cash flow figures that are increased each period for inflation, you must multiply the discount rate by the general inflation rate. If the discount rate is 10% and inflation 15% the NPV calculation must use: (1+0.10) x (1+0.15) = 1.265.

Detailed explanation-3: -The discount rate will be company-specific as it’s related to how the company gets its funds. It’s the rate of return that the investors expect or the cost of borrowing money. If shareholders expect a 12% return, that is the discount rate the company will use to calculate NPV.

Detailed explanation-4: -NPV can be described as the “difference amount” between the sums of discounted cash inflows and cash outflows. It compares the present value of money today to the present value of money in the future, taking inflation and returns into account.