GENERAL ANATOMY
ANATOMY OF THE HEART
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Question
[CLICK ON ANY CHOICE TO KNOW THE RIGHT ANSWER]
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Decrease heart rate and cardiac out put
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decrease in heart rate and increase in cardiac output
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increase in heart rate and cardiac output
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no change
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Detailed explanation-1: -The parasympathetic nervous system (PNS) releases the hormone acetylcholine to slow the heart rate. Such factors as stress, caffeine, and excitement may temporarily accelerate your heart rate, while meditating or taking slow, deep breaths may help to slow your heart rate.
Detailed explanation-2: -Parasympathetic neural signals ( a component of ANS) decrease the rate of heart beat, the speed of conduction of action potential and thereby the cardiac output.
Detailed explanation-3: -In contrast, parasympathetic stimulation decreases heart rate and constricts the pupils. It also increases secretion of the eye glands, increases peristalsis, increases secretion of salivary and pancreatic glands, and constricts bronchioles.
Detailed explanation-4: -The sympathetic nervous system increases heart rate, whereas the parasympathetic nervous system suppresses it. Heart rate variability (HRV) can be analyzed using electrocardiography (ECG) to assess the activity of the autonomic nervous system (Kimura et al., 1996).
Detailed explanation-5: -Parasympathetic innervation is responsible for: reducing the heart rate. reducing the force of contraction of the heart. vasoconstriction (narrowing) of the coronary arteries.