ANATOMY

Detailed explanation-1: -The kidneys have two main ways to maintain acid-base balance-their cells reabsorb bicarbonate HCO3− from the urine back to the blood and they secrete hydrogen H+ ions into the urine. By adjusting the amounts reabsorbed and secreted, they balance the bloodstream’s pH.

Detailed explanation-2: -Renal proximal tubules are actively involved in systemic acid-base homeostasis by regulating bicarbonate reabsorption and proton excretion in the urine (1, 3, 25).

Detailed explanation-3: -Breathing more deeply and quickly can move the blood pH toward the alkaline side. This usually happens without our being aware of it. The kidneys are the other important organ for long-term regulation of pH. The kidneys can regulate reabsorption of carbonic acid in the tubule, increasing or reducing acid secretion.

Detailed explanation-4: -pH is maintained in the body using primarily three mechanisms: buffer systems, respiratory control, and renal control.

Detailed explanation-5: -Kidney-They maintain pH balance through excretion. They remove the excess acid or bases present in the blood.