ANATOMY

Detailed explanation-1: -The Carbonic Acid-Bicarbonate buffer system is the most important buffer for maintaining the pH homeostasis of blood. In this system, gaseous metabolic waste carbon dioxide reacts with water to form carbonic acid, which quickly dissociates into a hydrogen ion and bicarbonate (see below).

Detailed explanation-2: -Bicarbonate buffer is the most important buffer system in blood plasma (generally in the extracellular fluid). This buffer consists of weak acid H2CO3 (pK1 = 6, 1) and conjugated base HCO3– (bicarbonate).

Detailed explanation-3: -In extracellular fluid, such as the plasma, the bicarbonate buffer system is the predominant buffer. Inside cells, proteins are the main buffering system.

Detailed explanation-4: -Answer and Explanation: The primary role of the carbonic acid-bicarbonate buffer system is to (b.) buffer carbonic acid formed by carbon dioxide. The tissues of the body release CO2 into the bloodstream, where it is converted to HCO−3, which is carried to the lungs.

Detailed explanation-5: -The blood buffer system is composed of H2CO3 (carbonic acid, Ka = 7.9 x 10^-7 ) and its conjugate base, HCO3-(bicarbonate). In a healthy adult, the pH of blood is 7.40.