ANATOMY

Detailed explanation-1: -During exercise, more blood is sent to the active skeletal muscles, and, as body temperature increases, more blood is sent to the skin. This process is accomplished both by the increase in cardiac output and by the redistribution of blood flow away from areas of low demand, such as the splanch-nic organs.

Detailed explanation-2: -Cardiac output can be increased by a variety of signaling methods including enhancement of sympathetic tone, catecholamine secretion, and circulation of thyroid hormone.

Detailed explanation-3: -Cardiac output stays consistent throughout the day with little variation Cardiac output decreases substantially when exercising. CO is the volume of blood pumped from one ventricle in a span of one hour.

Detailed explanation-4: -Cardiac output is important as its the blood being sent to the working muscle groups, if it can work fast and efficient then for long endurance activities it can benefit the athletes endurance. If it is able to pump and sent out blood to the muscle in high demand then the athlete can continue to perform.

Detailed explanation-5: -Specifically, before the myocardial ischemia/reperfusion and infarction protocol, cardiac output increased at rest from 9.6 ± 0.6 ml/min to 18.9 ± 0.9 ml/min at the highest workload (97% increase from rest).