ANATOMY

Detailed explanation-1: -Vasoconstriction is the narrowing (constriction) of blood vessels by small muscles in their walls. When blood vessels constrict, blood flow is slowed or blocked. Vasoconstriction may be slight or severe. It may result from disease, drugs, or psychological conditions.

Detailed explanation-2: -Normally, the vessels that supply blood to the skin constrict or narrow in response to cold temperatures. This reaction, called “vasoconstriction, ” decreases blood flow to the skin, which helps to minimize heat loss from the warm blood and therefore preserve a normal internal or “core” temperature.

Detailed explanation-3: -Atherosclerosis, sometimes called “hardening of the arteries, ” occurs when fat, cholesterol, and other substances build up in the walls of arteries. These deposits are called plaques. Over time, these plaques can narrow or completely block the arteries and cause problems throughout the body.

Detailed explanation-4: -These buildups narrow your arteries, decreasing blood flow to your heart. This can cause chest pain, shortness of breath or even a heart attack. CAD typically takes a long time to develop. So often, patients don’t know that they have it until there’s a problem.

Detailed explanation-5: -Vasoconstriction is the narrowing of the blood vessels, which is the opposite of vasodilation. Causes of vasoconstriction include exposure to cold which leads to peripheral vasoconstriction; stress; smoking; medications like NSAIDs; and Raynaud phenomenon.