ANATOMY

Detailed explanation-1: -It is called as ‘rough’ endoplasmic reticulum because it is studded on its outer surface (the surface in contact with the cytosol) with ribosomes. These are called as membrane bound ribosomes and are firmly attached to the outer cytosolic side of the ER.

Detailed explanation-2: -The RER is termed “rough” due ribosomal attachments to the surface compared to the SER, which does not have ribosomes.

Detailed explanation-3: -Ribosomes are found ‘free’ in the cytoplasm or bound to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) to form rough ER. In a mammalian cell there can be as many as 10 million ribosomes. Several ribosomes can be attached to the same mRNA strand, this structure is called a polysome. Ribosomes have only a temporary existence.

Detailed explanation-4: -Rough ER is a host for ribosomes that continually attach to and detach from the ER surface. Essentially, the endoplasmic reticulum and ribosomes work together in order to synthesize proteins and have them transported to their final destination.

Detailed explanation-5: -If the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) has ribosomes attached to it, it is called rough ER; if it does not, then it is called smooth ER. The proteins made by the rough endoplasmic reticulum are for use outside of the cell.