ANATOMY

Detailed explanation-1: -Definition. Endoplasmic reticulum is a network of membranes inside a cell through which proteins and other molecules move.

Detailed explanation-2: -The ER has a central role in lipid and protein biosynthesis. Its membrane is the site of production of all the transmembrane proteins and lipids for most of the cell’s organelles, including the ER itself, the Golgi apparatus, lysosomes, endosomes, secretory vesicles, and the plasma membrane.

Detailed explanation-3: -The rough endoplasmic reticulum contains ribosomes and makes protein, whereas the smooth endoplasmic reticulum does not contain ribosomes and functions to make lipids and detoxify the cell. Large amounts of smooth ER are found in cells that participate in lipid metabolism and detoxify the body, such as liver cells.

Detailed explanation-4: -The endomembrane system (endo-= “within”) is a group of membranes and organelles in eukaryotic cells that works together to modify, package, and transport lipids and proteins.

Detailed explanation-5: -Difference between Smooth and Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum When ribosomes attach to the surface of an ER, it gives a characteristic rough appearance; hence it is called Rough ER. On the other hand, a smooth ER does not have ribosomes on its surface. It possesses ribosomes attached to its membrane.