ANATOMY

Detailed explanation-1: -The process of turning genes on and off is known as gene regulation. Gene regulation is an important part of normal development. Genes are turned on and off in different patterns during development to make a brain cell look and act different from a liver cell or a muscle cell, for example.

Detailed explanation-2: -Each cell expresses, or turns on, only a fraction of its genes. “Expresses” or “turns on” means that protein is being produced from that gene. The rest of the genes are repressed, or turned off (no protein is being produced from those genes). The process of turning genes on and off is known as gene regulation.

Detailed explanation-3: -This is how one cell might end up being important to your kidneys, while another cell makes bone. When a gene is turned off, it no longer provides the directions for making proteins. This means that the proteins needed to fulfill a particular job–say, tolerate lactase–aren’t produced.

Detailed explanation-4: -Cell specialization, also known as cell differentiation, is the process through which “generic” or “common” cells transform into specialized cells with defined tasks. Generic embryonic cells differentiate into specialized cells through cell differentiation.

Detailed explanation-5: -Gene expression and protein synthesis are related to cell differentiation because they are responsible for controlling the different functions of each cell type. All cells in a multicellular organism have the same DNA.