ANATOMY

Detailed explanation-1: -thick layers of fat and fur-for insulation against the cold. a small surface area to volume ratio-to minimise heat loss. a greasy coat that sheds water after swimming-to help reduce heat loss. large feet-to distribute their load and increase grip on the ice.

Detailed explanation-2: -Receptors in your skin send signals back to the hypothalamus to modify your core body temperature. The hypothalamus then notifies the brain to start a process called vasoconstriction to combat the cold air that surrounds you. The muscles around your blood vessels tighten to reduce blood flow to your extremities.

Detailed explanation-3: -These iconic animals benefit from a variety of anatomical, physiological, and behaviour adaptations that make them well suited to life in cold environments. Camouflaging insulation, special digestive enzymes, and even the shape of their feet help them survive.

Detailed explanation-4: -According to the study, climate variability and extreme hazards such as typhoons, floods and drought are projected to have a substantial impact on agricultural, livestock, and fishery supply chains that will affect all aspects from production to distribution to consumption across both urban and rural sectors.