ANATOMY

Detailed explanation-1: -Starch digestion involves the breakdown by -amylase to small linear and branched malto-oligosaccharides, which are in turn hydrolyzed to glucose by the mucosal -glucosidases, maltase-glucoamylase (MGAM) and sucrase-isomaltase (SI).

Detailed explanation-2: -Digestion of starches into glucose molecules starts in the mouth, but primarily takes place in the small intestine by the action of specific enzymes secreted from the pancreas (e.g. -amylase and -glucosidase).

Detailed explanation-3: -It occurs in plants in the form of granules, and these are particularly abundant in seeds (especially the cereal grains) and tubers, where they serve as a storage form of carbohydrates. The breakdown of starch to glucose nourishes the plant during periods of reduced photosynthetic activity.

Detailed explanation-4: -Hydrolysis. The enzymes that break down or hydrolyze starch into the constituent sugars are known as amylases. Alpha-amylases are found in plants and in animals. Human saliva is rich in amylase, and the pancreas also secretes the enzyme.

Detailed explanation-5: -In plants, glucose is stored in the form of starch, which can be broken down back into glucose via cellular respiration in order to supply ATP.