ANATOMY

Detailed explanation-1: -Although traditionally such cladograms were generated largely on the basis of morphological characters, DNA and RNA sequencing data and computational phylogenetics are now very commonly used in the generation of cladograms, either on their own or in combination with morphology.

Detailed explanation-2: -Cladograms show the relationships in a graphic that looks like a tree, with branches connected to a common ancestry. Each branch represents a new distinct trait that was not seen in the group lower on the tree. These distinct traits are called derived characteristics.

Detailed explanation-3: -A cladogram shows how species may be related by descent from a common ancestor. A classification of organisms on the basis of such relationships is called a phylogenetic classification. A phylogenetic classification involves placing organisms in a clade with their common ancestor.

Detailed explanation-4: -Constructed cladograms all typically share certain key features: Root – The initial ancestor common to all organisms within the cladogram (incoming line shows it originates from a larger clade)

Detailed explanation-5: -In the cladogram above, the hagfish does not have jaws, while all of the other organisms do. This means that the hagfish is the least related to the other organisms.