ANATOMY

Detailed explanation-1: -The most commonly occurring complications are anastomosis leakage, tension pneumothorax, and sepsis [7, 8]. Moreover, the long term complications of the surgery include esophageal strictures, reoccurrence of TEF, tracheomalacia, gastroesophageal reflux, dysphagia, recurrent pneumonia, and cough.

Detailed explanation-2: -During fetal development, your esophagus and trachea form as one single tube. Typically, about four to eight weeks after conception, a wall develops between these structures, making them two distinct tubes. If this wall doesn’t form properly, it can result in tracheoesophageal fistula.

Detailed explanation-3: -Infants with tracheoesophageal fistulas classically present with respiratory distress, feeding difficulties, choking, and risk of aspiration. Tracheoesophageal fistulas most commonly occur alongside other congenital anomalies, particularly cardiac defects.

Detailed explanation-4: -For babies born with both esophageal atresia and tracheoesophageal fistula, symptoms are obvious almost immediately after birth. The most common esophageal atresia and tracheoesophageal fistula symptoms include: Difficulty breathing. Coughing or choking when swallowing or attempting to feed.