ANATOMY

Detailed explanation-1: -So, the correct answer is ‘Pineal gland’.

Detailed explanation-2: -Melatonin secreted by the pineal gland is an important part of the body’s circadian timing system and can synchronise daily rhythms (see the articles on jet lag and circadian rhythm sleep disorders).

Detailed explanation-3: -The main function of the pineal gland is to receive information about the state of the light-dark cycle from the environment and convey this information by the production and secretion of the hormone melatonin.

Detailed explanation-4: -The pineal gland is a very small gland in the centre of the brain shaped like a pine cone, which is where it gets its name. It is part of the endocrine system. It produces a hormone called melatonin.

Detailed explanation-5: -The pituitary also secretes hormones that signal the reproductive organs to make sex hormones. The pituitary gland also controls ovulation and the menstrual cycle in women. Thyroid: The thyroid (pronounced: THY-royd) is in the front part of the lower neck. It’s shaped like a bow tie or butterfly.