ANATOMY

Detailed explanation-1: -Weakened toxins are called toxoids. When the immune system receives a vaccine containing a toxoid, it learns how to fight off the natural toxin. The DTaP vaccine contains diphtheria and tetanus toxoids. Subunit vaccines include only parts of the virus or bacteria, or subunits, instead of the entire germ.

Detailed explanation-2: -Natural immunity is acquired from exposure to the disease organism through infection with the actual disease. Vaccine-induced immunity is acquired through the introduction of a killed or weakened form of the disease organism through vaccination.

Detailed explanation-3: -Inactivated (Killed) Vaccines Examples of inactivated vaccines include: inactivated poliovirus (IPV) vaccine, whole cell pertussis (whooping cough) vaccine, rabies vaccine and the hepatitis A virus vaccine.

Detailed explanation-4: -A vaccine is a biological preparation containing weakened or dead microbes which is introduced into a healthy person’s body to produce antibodies against the disease-causing microbes.

Detailed explanation-5: -Vaccines are made from microbes that are dead or inactive so that they are unable to cause disease. The antigen in the vaccine is the same as the antigen on the surface of the disease-causing microbe. The vaccine stimulates the body to produce antibodies against the antigen in the vaccine.