ANATOMY

Detailed explanation-1: -Neutralizing antibodies produced by B cells are a hallmark of immunity. Less recognized, however, in the fact that B cells also play critical functions as regulators of innate immunity.

Detailed explanation-2: -The innate immune system includes physical and anatomical barriers as well as effector cells, antimicrobial peptides, soluble mediators, and cell receptors (Table 1).

Detailed explanation-3: -B cells are at the centre of the adaptive humoral immune system and are responsible for mediating the production of antigen-specific immunoglobulin (Ig) directed against invasive pathogens (typically known as antibodies).

Detailed explanation-4: -Explanation: The innate immune system is the non-specific immune system that you are born with. Cells of the innate immune system include mast cells, macrophages, neutrophils (and other white cells), natural killer cells, and complement (a group of proteins found in the blood).