ANATOMY

Detailed explanation-1: -HIV is a unique human RNA virus, capable of infecting cells of the immune system. Specifically, HIV targets T helper cells (CD4 cells), leading to the eventual death of the cell.

Detailed explanation-2: -HIV binds to the CD4 molecule on the surface of helper T-cells and replicates within them. This results in destruction of CD4+ T-cells and leads to a steady decline in this population of T-cells.

Detailed explanation-3: -HIV finds the white blood cells, called CD4 cells. HIV gets inside the CD4 cell and makes copies of itself. Then, HIV kills the CD4 cell and the new HIV copies find other CD4 cells to get inside and start the cycle again. HIV kills immune system cells that help the body fight infections and diseases.

Detailed explanation-4: -This immunodeficiency is described in the name acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, or AIDS. Recent work shows that the CD4 and CCR5 membrane proteins are targets for HIV infection. Thus, our memory cells are rapidly infected and destroyed in the mucus membranes of our tissues.

Detailed explanation-5: -CD4 cells (also known as CD4+ T cells) are white blood cells that fight infection. CD4 cell count is an indicator of immune function in patients living with HIV and one of the key determinants for the need of opportunistic infection (OI) prophylaxis.