ANATOMY

Detailed explanation-1: -Some people seem better than others at fighting the flu, and you might suspect they were born that way. A new study of twins, however, suggests otherwise.

Detailed explanation-2: -Genes also affect the way the immune system works or how it responds to threats. Primary immunodeficiency disorders are present at birth. They are often inherited. This means they are linked to genes passed from one generation to another.

Detailed explanation-3: -Many primary immunodeficiency disorders are inherited-passed down from one or both parents. Problems in the genetic code that acts as a blueprint for producing the cells of the body (DNA) cause many of these immune system defects.

Detailed explanation-4: -A mother’s antibodies are shared with their baby through the placenta during the third trimester (last 3 months) of pregnancy. The mother’s antibodies help protect the baby from illnesses when the baby is born. The type of antibodies passed from mother to baby depends on the mother’s own level of immunity.

Detailed explanation-5: -Innate immunity: Everyone is born with innate (or natural) immunity, a type of general protection. For example, the skin acts as a barrier to block germs from entering the body. And the immune system recognizes when certain invaders are foreign and could be dangerous.