ANATOMY

Detailed explanation-1: -The first line of defence (or outside defence system) includes physical and chemical barriers that are always ready and prepared to defend the body from infection. These include your skin, tears, mucus, cilia, stomach acid, urine flow, ‘friendly’ bacteria and white blood cells called neutrophils.

Detailed explanation-2: -Natural barriers include the skin, mucous membranes, tears, earwax, mucus, and stomach acid. Also, the normal flow of urine washes out microorganisms that enter the urinary tract. to identify and eliminate organisms that get through the body’s natural barriers.

Detailed explanation-3: -The skin, nails and hair form the integumentary system, which stops dirt and pathogens from entering the body. You also have the internal defense systems, which include white blood cells and the antibodies they produce, otherwise known as the immune system.

Detailed explanation-4: -The system can be divided into two types of defense systems: the innate immune system, which is nonspecific toward a particular kind of pathogen, and the adaptive immune system, which is specific (Figure 1).

Detailed explanation-5: -In general, your body fights disease by keeping things out of your body that are foreign. Your primary defense against pathogenic germs are physical barriers like your skin. You also produce pathogen-destroying chemicals, like lysozyme, found on parts of your body without skin, including your tears and mucus membranes.