ANATOMY

Detailed explanation-1: -Phagocytosis is a cellular process for ingesting and eliminating particles larger than 0.5 m in diameter, including microorganisms, foreign substances, and apoptotic cells. Phagocytosis is found in many types of cells and it is, in consequence an essential process for tissue homeostasis.

Detailed explanation-2: -Receptors on the cell surface bind ligand molecules on the target, such as a pathogen, dead cell, or bead. As receptors bind more and more ligand molecules, the cell membrane progressively engulfs the target. Upon full engulfment, a phagosome is formed, which fuses with lysosomes, leading to digestion of the target.

Detailed explanation-3: -Phagocytosis is an evolutionarily conserved defense mechanism by which macrophages capture and kill pathogens and remove apoptotic cells into specialized intracellular compartments. Phagocytosis is mediated by scavenger receptors, Fc Receptors (FcRs), and Complement Receptors (CRs) (2).

Detailed explanation-4: -Phagocytosis represents a mechanism used by macrophages to remove pathogens and cellular debris. Recent evidence suggests that phagocytosis is stimulated under specific conditions of stress, such as extracellular pressure and hypoxia.

Detailed explanation-5: -Macrophages and neutrophils (phagocytes) are the front-line defenders in your body’s immune system. They seek out, ingest, and destroy pathogens and other debris through a process called phagocytosis.