ANATOMY

Detailed explanation-1: -Interferon is secreted by cells in response to stimulation by a virus or other foreign substance, but it does not directly inhibit the virus’s multiplication. Rather, it stimulates the infected cells and those nearby to produce proteins that prevent the virus from replicating within them.

Detailed explanation-2: -Interferons (IFNs) are among the first vertebrate immune pathways activated upon viral infection and are crucial for control of viral replication and dissemination, especially at mucosal surfaces as key locations for host exposure to pathogens.

Detailed explanation-3: -Interferons provide a first line of defence against virus infections by generating an intracellular environment that restricts virus replication and signals the presence of a viral pathogen to the adaptive arm of the immune response.

Detailed explanation-4: -Abstract. Interferons (IFNs) encode a large family of multifonctional secreted proteins that are involved in antiviral defense, the regulation of cell growth and modulation of the immune response. They are subdivided into two types that activate transduction pathways via different cell surface receptors.