ANATOMY

Detailed explanation-1: -A vaccine is a substance that is introduced into the body to stimulate the body’s immune response. It is given to prevent an infectious disease from developing and the person becoming ill. Vaccines are made from microbes that are dead or inactive so that they are unable to cause disease.

Detailed explanation-2: -Synthetic Antigen Vaccines In the case of the most widelyused HPV vaccine, which was developed to prevent cancers caused by the virus, recombinant viral proteins from four strains (HPV 6, 11, 16, and 18) are made in yeast and combined with an adjuvant.

Detailed explanation-3: -Two vaccines contain purified bacterial proteins as the immunogen. The most commonly used is the acellular pertussis vaccine, which in combination with diphtheria and tetanus toxoids is recommended for all children.

Detailed explanation-4: -The live, attenuated viral vaccines currently available and routinely recommended in the United States are MMR, varicella, rotavirus, and influenza (intranasal). Other non-routinely recommended live vaccines include adenovirus vaccine (used by the military), typhoid vaccine (Ty21a), and Bacille Calmette-Guerin (BCG).