ANATOMY

Detailed explanation-1: -The innate immune system also includes mechanisms for involuntary removal of pathogens, such as sneezing, coughing, and vomiting. Adaptive, or acquired, immunity is not present at birth, responds more slowly to pathogens, and develops over time to defend against specific pathogens.

Detailed explanation-2: -Innate immunity can be viewed as comprising four types of defensive barriers: anatomic (skin and mucous membrane), physiologic (temperature, low pH and chemical mediators), endocytic and phagocytic, and inflammatory.

Detailed explanation-3: -Allergy is an immune‐related disease and results from a hypersensitive immune response to harmless substances in the environment. However, less is known about the activation of innate immunity during exposure to allergens.

Detailed explanation-4: -Physical Barriers. such as skin, the gastrointestinal tract, the respiratory tract, the nasopharynx, cilia, eyelashes and other body hair. Defense Mechanisms. such as secretions, mucous, bile, gastric acid, saliva, tears, and sweat. General Immune Responses.