ANATOMY

Detailed explanation-1: -Sex cells are different from other cells in one special way: Put simply, they only have one half of the total amount of human genetic information. When a sperm cell fertilizes an egg cell, the resulting cell has a full set of genetic information again.

Detailed explanation-2: -If sex cells, like sperm and egg, have the same number of chromosomes as regular body cells, then each time they combined, the progeny would have twice the number of chromosomes. This doesn’t happen. So, there must be a process that halves chromosome number in sex cells.

Detailed explanation-3: -Concept 8: Sex cells have one set of chromosomes; body cells have two. Offspring arise from the union of specialized sex cells — a female egg and a male sperm.

Detailed explanation-4: -Gametes contain half the chromosomes contained in normal diploid cells of the body, which are also known as somatic cells. Haploid gametes are produced during meiosis, which is a type of cell division that reduces the number of chromosomes in a parent diploid cell by half.

Detailed explanation-5: -In humans, each cell normally contains 23 pairs of chromosomes, for a total of 46. Twenty-two of these pairs, called autosomes, look the same in both males and females. The 23rd pair, the sex chromosomes, differ between males and females.