ANATOMY

Detailed explanation-1: -The appendicular skeleton includes the bones of the shoulder girdle, the upper limbs, the pelvic girdle, and the lower limbs.

Detailed explanation-2: -The appendicular skeleton is comprised of the upper and lower extremities, which include the shoulder girdle and pelvis. The shoulder girdle and pelvis provide connection points between the appendicular skeleton and the axial skeleton to where mechanical loads transfer.

Detailed explanation-3: -Answer and Explanation: The skull is not a component of the appendicular skeleton which would be consistent with answer choice “C". The skull is a component of the axial skeleton. The axial skeleton consists of bones such as the skull and vertebral column.

Detailed explanation-4: -The humerus and the femur are corresponding bones of the arms and legs, respectively. While their parts are similar in general, their structure has been adapted to differing functions. The head of the humerus is almost hemispherical, while that of the femur forms about two-thirds of a sphere.

Detailed explanation-5: -The appendicular skeleton consists of the pectoral girdle/limb and the pelvic girdle/limb. The vertebral column is a chain comprised of a varying number of vertebrae. Dogs have 7 cervical vertebrae, 13 thoracic vertebrae, 7 lumbar vertebrae, 3 sacral vertebrae, and 20-23 coccygeal vertebrae.