ANATOMY

Detailed explanation-1: -It provides electrical insulation, increasing speeds of electrical action potentials as they move along the axon. Oligodendrocytes form a myelin sheath over an axon’s length, and the axon is referred to as myelinated. Larger areas of the axon wrapped in myelin are internodes, about 1–2 mm in length.

Detailed explanation-2: -The central function of oligodendrocytes is to generate myelin, which is an extended membrane from the cell that wraps tightly around axons. Due to this energy consuming process and the associated high metabolic turnover oligodendrocytes are vulnerable to cytotoxic and excitotoxic factors.

Detailed explanation-3: -To act as an electric insulator, the myelin sheath is formed as a multilamellar membrane structure by the spiral wrapping and subsequent compaction of the oligodendroglial plasma membrane around central nervous system (CNS) axons.

Detailed explanation-4: -Glial cells are the key element for supporting the messages neurons send and receive all over the body. Much like the insulation around the wires in electrical systems, glial cells form a membraneous sheath surrounding axons called myelin, thereby insulating the axon.

Detailed explanation-5: -Oligodendrocytes are glia cells in the central nervous system that serve multiple functions. Most importantly, they create the myelin sheath around neuron axons, which allows for faster and more efficient communication between neurons.