ANATOMY

Detailed explanation-1: -A nucleotide consists of a sugar molecule (either ribose in RNA or deoxyribose in DNA) attached to a phosphate group and a nitrogen-containing base. The bases used in DNA are adenine (A), cytosine (C), guanine (G) and thymine (T).

Detailed explanation-2: -The combination of a sugar phosphate group and a base constitutes anucleotide. The double helix is made from two polynucleotide chains, each of which consists of a series of 5′-to 3′-sugar phosphate links that form a backbone from which the bases protrude.

Detailed explanation-3: -DNA consists of two strands that wind around each other like a twisted ladder. Each strand has a backbone made of alternating sugar (deoxyribose) and phosphate groups. Attached to each sugar is one of four bases–adenine (A), cytosine (C), guanine (G), or thymine (T).

Detailed explanation-4: -The sugar-phosphate backbone forms the structural framework of nucleic acids, including DNA and RNA. This backbone is composed of alternating sugar and phosphate groups, and defines directionality of the molecule.

Detailed explanation-5: -The monomers of DNA are called nucleotides. Nucleotides have three components: a base, a sugar (deoxyribose) and a phosphate residue. The four bases are adenine (A), cytosine (C), guanine (G) and thymine (T). The sugar and phosphate create a backbone down either side of the double helix.