ANATOMY

Detailed explanation-1: -Glial cells exist in the both central nervous system (CNS) and the peripheral nervous system (PNS). The most notable glial cells include oligodendrocytes, astrocytes, microglia, and ependymal cells in the CNS and schwann cells, satellite cells, and enteric glial cells in the PNS, .

Detailed explanation-2: -Four main types of glia exist, namely astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, ependymal cells and microglia. Further information on glia can be found in the related links or by viewing all neuroscience and glia resources.

Detailed explanation-3: -Oligodendrocytes are specialized glial cells that wrap themselves around neurons present in the CNS. Oligodendrocytes are primarily responsible for maintenance and generation of the myelin sheath that surrounds axons. They also participate in axonal regulation and the sculpting of higher order neuronal circuits [51].

Detailed explanation-4: -Oligodendrocytes form the myelin sheath around axons. Astrocytes provide nutrients to neurons, maintain their extracellular environment, and provide structural support. Microglia scavenge pathogens and dead cells. Ependymal cells produce cerebrospinal fluid that cushions the neurons.

Detailed explanation-5: -They are thus known as the “supporting cells” of the nervous system. The four main functions of glial cells are: to surround neurons and hold them in place, to supply nutrients and oxygen to neurons, to insulate one neuron from another, and to destroy and remove the carcasses of dead neurons (clean up).