ANATOMY

Detailed explanation-1: -The glossopharyngeal nerve is the ninth set of 12 cranial nerves (CN IX). It provides motor, parasympathetic and sensory information to your mouth and throat. Among its many functions, the nerve helps raise part of your throat, enabling swallowing.

Detailed explanation-2: -The vagal nerve (VN), the tenth cranial nerve, provides both motor and sensory innervation, and plays an important role in the pharyngeal phase of swallowing [4, 6].

Detailed explanation-3: -As stated above, the glossopharyngeal nerve provides motor innervation to the stylopharyngeus muscle, which is responsible for elevating the pharynx and larynx.

Detailed explanation-4: -Glossopharyngeal nerve lesions produce difficulty swallowing; impairment of taste over the posterior one-third of the tongue and palate; impaired sensation over the posterior one-third of the tongue, palate, and pharynx; an absent gag reflex; and dysfunction of the parotid gland.

Detailed explanation-5: -Cranial Nerves and Muscles Involved in Swallowing The following cranial nerves are involved in swallowing: Trigeminal (cranial nerve V) Facial (cranial nerve VII) Glossopharyngeal (cranial nerve IX)