ANATOMY

Detailed explanation-1: -There are three types of glial cells in the mature central nervous system: astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, and microglial cells (Figure 1.4A-C). Astrocytes, which are restricted to the brain and spinal cord, have elaborate local processes that give these cells a starlike appearance (hence the prefix “astro”).

Detailed explanation-2: -Although the nervous system is very complex, there are only two main types of cells in nerve tissue. The actual nerve cell is the neuron. It is the “conducting” cell that transmits impulses and the structural unit of the nervous system. The other type of cell is neuroglia, or glial, cell.

Detailed explanation-3: -Neurons are the structural and functional unit of the nervous system. They help in transmitting the nerve impulse. Neuroglia are the supporting cells. Neurons are like the communication network of the body whereas neuroglia facilitates the functioning of the communications network.

Detailed explanation-4: -Nervous tissue is composed of neurons and supporting cells called neuroglia, or ” glial cells.” There are six types of neuroglia. Four are found in the central nervous system, while two are found in the peripheral nervous system.

Detailed explanation-5: -The four types of neuroglia found in the central nervous system are astrocytes, microglial cells, ependymal cells, and oligodendrocytes. The two types of neuroglia found in the peripheral nervous system are satellite cells and Schwann cells.