ANATOMY

Detailed explanation-1: -Rods have a singular photopigment, rhodopsin. Retinol is a vitamin A-derived cofactor that is required for the formation of rhodopsin; thus, VAD leads to impairment of rod function and causes nyctalopia, or night blindness due to the eye’s inability to adapt from light to dark.

Detailed explanation-2: -Rods are a type of photoreceptor cell present in the retina that transmits low-light vision and is most responsible for the neural transmission of nighttime sight.

Detailed explanation-3: -Vitamin A deficiency, which causes reduced photosensitivity of rhodopsin (a chromoprotein) in rod cells, causes night blindness that is usually not severe, and vision most often recovers when adequate levels of the vitamin are administered.

Detailed explanation-4: -Possible Causes Cataracts. Retinitis pigmentosa. Vitamin A deficiency, especially in individuals who have undergone intestinal bypass surgery. Diabetes.

Detailed explanation-5: -Rhodopsin serves as a visual purple pigment of rod cells and is responsible for night vision. Rhodopsin deficiency causes night blindness.