ANATOMY

Detailed explanation-1: -Myelin is an insulating layer, or sheath that forms around nerves, including those in the brain and spinal cord. It is made up of protein and fatty substances. This myelin sheath allows electrical impulses to transmit quickly and efficiently along the nerve cells. If myelin is damaged, these impulses slow down.

Detailed explanation-2: -Since the myelin sheath surrounds the axon, one of its functions is to separate the axon from surrounding extracellular components. Its main function, however, is to insulate the axon and increase the velocity of action potential propagation.

Detailed explanation-3: -Most axons are also insulated with a protective coating known as the myelin sheath. The myelin sheath is made up of specialized glial cells that wrap themselves around the axon. Schwann cells sheath the neurons of the peripheral nervous system and oligodendrocytes insulate the neurons of the central nervous system [4].

Detailed explanation-4: -Myelin is formed by Schwann cells in the peripheral nervous system (PNS) and oligodendrocytes in the central nervous system (CNS). Each Schwann cell forms a single myelin sheath around an axon.

Detailed explanation-5: -Myelination allows more rapid transmission of neural information along neural fibers and is particularly critical in a cerebral nervous system dependent on several long axon connections between hemispheres, lobes, and cortical and subcortical structures.