ANATOMY

Detailed explanation-1: -Microglia are a type of neuroglia (glial cell) located throughout the brain and spinal cord. Microglia account for about 10-15% of cells found within the brain. As the resident macrophage cells, they act as the first and main form of active immune defense in the central nervous system (CNS).

Detailed explanation-2: -Microglia. Microglia, the innate immune cells in the CNS, have two primary roles in the brain that are common to myelomonocytic innate immune cells in all mammalian organs: they fight off and phagocytize viruses, bacteria, and other foreign invaders, and they remove cellular debris to facilitate wound repair.

Detailed explanation-3: -Neuroglia in the CNS include astrocytes, microglial cells, ependymal cells, and oligodendrocytes.

Detailed explanation-4: -In the central nervous system (CNS), microglia are considered to be the major phagocytes. Recently, however, accumulating evidence has suggested that astrocytes are also capable of phagocytosis under both physiological and pathological conditions [1, 2].

Detailed explanation-5: -Neuroglia in the CNS Ependymal cells – line ventricles (brain) and central canal (spine) and are involved in the production of cerebrospinal fluid. Microglia – remove cell debris, wastes and pathogens via phagocytosis.