ANATOMY

Detailed explanation-1: -Schwann cells make myelin in the peripheral nervous system (PNS: nerves) and oligodendrocytes in the central nervous system (CNS: brain and spinal cord).

Detailed explanation-2: -Schwann cells: Similar to oligodendrocytes in the central nervous system, Schwann cells myelinate neurons in the peripheral nervous system.

Detailed explanation-3: -In the central nervous system (CNS), oligodendrocytes myelinate multiple axons; in the peripheral nervous system (PNS), Schwann cells (SCs) myelinate a single axon.

Detailed explanation-4: -Myelinating Schwann cells are radially and longitudinally polarized cells (Salzer 2003; Ozcelik et al. 2010; Pereira et al. 2012). With myelination, Schwann cells organize into distinct membrane domains, each with a unique array of proteins, and a communicating set of cytoplasmic compartments (Fig.

Detailed explanation-5: -Schwann cells, the myelin forming cells in the peripheral nervous system are crucial for the proper function and maintenance of peripheral nerves. They provide trophic support to axons via expression of various growth factors and hormones, especially after nerve injury [1, 2].