ANATOMY

Detailed explanation-1: -Tiny air sacs at the end of the bronchioles (tiny branches of air tubes in the lungs). The alveoli are where the lungs and the blood exchange oxygen and carbon dioxide during the process of breathing in and breathing out.

Detailed explanation-2: -A pulmonary alveolus (plural: alveoli, from Latin alveolus, “little cavity"), also known as an air sac or air space, is one of millions of hollow, distensible cup-shaped cavities in the lungs where pulmonary gas exchange takes place.

Detailed explanation-3: -Gas exchange occurs in the lungs between alveolar air and the blood of the pulmonary capillaries. For effective gas exchange to occur, alveoli must be ventilated and perfused. Ventilation (V) refers to the flow of air into and out of the alveoli, while perfusion (Q) refers to the flow of blood to alveolar capillaries.

Detailed explanation-4: -The word “alveolus” comes from the Latin word for “little cavity” while the term “alveolar sacs” is derived from the same word and is used to refer to the pouch where the alveoli are located.

Detailed explanation-5: -Alveoli are small sac-like structures present in the lungs. Alveoli are surrounded by blood capillaries. Exchange of gases between alveoli and the capillaries take place by diffusion.