ANATOMY

Detailed explanation-1: -In adult mammals, the most important O2-sensitive chemoreceptors are the carotid body chemoreceptors, located at the bifurcation of the internal and external carotid arteries. Carotid body chemoreceptors also sense changes in arterial CO2 and pH.

Detailed explanation-2: -Particular chemoreceptors, called ASICs, detect the levels of carbon dioxide in the blood. To do this, they monitor the concentration of hydrogen ions in the blood, which decrease the pH of the blood.

Detailed explanation-3: -There are two types of chemoreceptors: peripheral and central. The central chemoreceptors are responsible for more than two-thirds of the chemically-mediated control of ventilation with peripheral chemoreceptors responsible for the remainder.

Detailed explanation-4: -chemoreception, process by which organisms respond to chemical stimuli in their environments that depends primarily on the senses of taste and smell. Chemoreception relies on chemicals that act as signals to regulate cell function, without the chemical necessarily being taken into the cell for metabolic purposes.

Detailed explanation-5: -The traditional concept of the function of central chemoreception is that it, along with peripheral chemoreception at the carotid body, 1) regulates arterial PCO2 within normal limits in response to primary changes in CO2, and 2) regulates blood and body pH in response to acid-base disturbances (166).