ANATOMY

Detailed explanation-1: -Stomata consist of microscopic pores, each flanked by a pair of guard cells. Guard cells can increase or decrease the size of the pore via changes in their turgor status, hence regulating both CO2 entry into the leaf and transpiration, or the loss of water from the leaf.

Detailed explanation-2: -A waxy layer known as the cuticle covers the leaves of all plant species. The cuticle reduces the rate of water loss from the leaf surface.

Detailed explanation-3: -Guard cells are cells surrounding each stoma. They help to regulate the rate of transpiration by opening and closing the stomata. Light is the main trigger for the opening or closing.

Detailed explanation-4: -Guard cells are pairs of epidermal cells that control gas diffusion by regulating the opening and closure of stomatal pores.

Detailed explanation-5: -The plant cuticle, a cutin matrix embedded with and covered by wax, seals the aerial organ’s surface to protect the plant against uncontrolled water loss. The cutin matrix is essential for the cuticle to function as a barrier to water loss.