ANATOMY

Detailed explanation-1: -Juxtaglomerular granular cells are modified smooth muscle cells and are believed to be the source of renin. They are present in the vascular component, being most numerous in the afferent arteriole.

Detailed explanation-2: -The juxtaglomerular apparatus functions to maintain blood pressure and to act as a quality control mechanism to ensure proper glomerular flow rate and efficient sodium reabsorption.

Detailed explanation-3: -Macula densa cells in the distal nephron, according to the classic paradigm, are salt sensors that generate paracrine chemical signals in the juxtaglomerular apparatus to control vital kidney functions, including renal blood flow, glomerular filtration, and renin release.

Detailed explanation-4: -Regulation involving Juxtaglomerular Apparatus (JGA) Regulation by JGA is known as Renin-Angiotensin mechanism. When the blood flow in the glomerulus decreases, Renin is released from juxtaglomerular (JG) cells. Renin converts angiotensin in the blood to angiotensin I and further to angiotensin II.