ANATOMY

Detailed explanation-1: -Robust data support that the kidney is capable of gluconeogenesis and studies have demonstrated that renal glucose production can increase systemic glucose production. The kidney has a role in maintaining glucose body balance, not only as an organ for gluconeogenesis but by using glucose as a metabolic substrate.

Detailed explanation-2: -The kidneys are essential for cleansing the blood and eliminating urine waste from the body. They also have other important functions that maintain homeostasis in the body including regulating acid-base balance, the concentration of electrolytes, controlling blood pressure, and secreting hormones.

Detailed explanation-3: -The homeostatic functions of the kidney include the control of the balance of water, sodium, chloride, potassium, calcium, magnesium, hydrogen ions, and phosphate.

Detailed explanation-4: -Together, insulin and glucagon help maintain homeostasis, where conditions inside the body hold steady. When a person’s blood sugar is too high, their pancreas secretes more insulin.