ANATOMY

Detailed explanation-1: -Each of your kidneys is made up of about a million filtering units called nephrons. Each nephron includes a filter, called the glomerulus, and a tubule. The nephrons work through a two-step process: the glomerulus filters your blood, and the tubule returns needed substances to your blood and removes wastes.

Detailed explanation-2: -The glomerular filtration assembly is composed of three main cellular barriers that are critical for the ultrafiltration process, the fenestrated endothelium, glomerular basement membrane and highly specialized podocytes.

Detailed explanation-3: -Each nephron contains a network of small blood vessels, called glomerulus, which are enclosed in a sac called Bowman’s capsule. The filtered waste product (urine) flows through tiny tubes and is then passed from the kidneys to the bladder through bigger tubes called ureters.

Detailed explanation-4: -Filtration occurs in the glomerulus of the nephron. The glomerulus is a capillary bed within the nephron, and filtration of fluid out of the glomerulus occurs both as a result of the structure of the nephron, and of Starling’s forces. The glomerulus is part of the vascular structure of the nephron.

Detailed explanation-5: -The main function of the glomerulus is to filter plasma to produce glomerular filtrate, which passes down the length of the nephron tubule to form urine.