ANATOMY

Detailed explanation-1: -The bicarbonate buffer is responsible for maintaining blood pH. Carbonic acid and bicarbonate ions make up this system. This buffer acts to create carbon dioxide gas when the blood pH falls into the acidic range.

Detailed explanation-2: -When any acidic substance enters the bloodstream, the bicarbonate ions neutralize the hydronium ions forming carbonic acid and water. Carbonic acid is already a component of the buffering system of blood. Thus hydronium ions are removed, preventing the pH of blood from becoming acidic.

Detailed explanation-3: -There are three major buffer systems that are responsible for regulating blood pH: the bicarbonate buffer system, the phosphate buffer system, and the plasma protein buffer system.

Detailed explanation-4: -Carbonic acid and the bicarbonate ion work together to maintain the pH of the blood through the bicarbonate buffer system.

Detailed explanation-5: -In the human stomach and duodenum, the bicarbonate buffer system serves to both neutralize gastric acid and stabilize the intracellular pH of epithelial cells via the secretion of bicarbonate ion into the gastric mucosa.