ANATOMY

Detailed explanation-1: -The PCT is responsible for reabsorbing most of the glucose, amino acids, and small peptides that enter the ultrafiltrate (Berry and Rector 1991). The PCT contains numerous secondary active, sodium-coupled transporters for glucose (SGLT2) and amino acids (Silbernagl and Gekle 2008; Silverman 2008).

Detailed explanation-2: -Glucose is actively reabsorbed in PCT along with other ions, whereas water is passively reabsorbed in PCT. Most of the filtered Glucose re-absorption occurs via the action of sodium-glucose ion transporter.

Detailed explanation-3: -Under normal circumstances, up to 180 g/day of glucose is filtered by the renal glomerulus and virtually all of it is subsequently reabsorbed in the proximal convoluted tubule. This reabsorption is effected by two sodium-dependent glucose cotransporter (SGLT) proteins.

Detailed explanation-4: -Glucose, amino acids, salts and high amount of water are reabsorbed in the nephron during the second step of urine formation, i.e., the selective reabsorption.