ANATOMY
CHEST AND CARDIOVASCULAR
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Question
[CLICK ON ANY CHOICE TO KNOW THE RIGHT ANSWER]
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Blood pressure
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Blood volume
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Viscosity
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Vascular disease
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Detailed explanation-1: -Blood volume is determined by the amount of water and sodium ingested, excreted by the kidneys into the urine, and lost through the gastrointestinal tract, lungs and skin.
Detailed explanation-2: -Sodium and water balance are independently regulated by mechanisms that are designed to maintain circulatory integrity and plasma osmolality, respectively. Sodium balance is regulated by changes in sodium intake and excretion, whereas plasma osmolality is regulated by changes in water intake and water excretion.
Detailed explanation-3: -The role of sodium in controlling ECF volume and water distribution in the body is a result of: Sodium being the only cation to exert significant osmotic pressure. Sodium ions leaking into cells and being pumped out against their electrochemical gradient.