ANATOMY
EXTRACRANIAL HEAD AND NECK
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Question
[CLICK ON ANY CHOICE TO KNOW THE RIGHT ANSWER]
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The ECA and CCA
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The CCA and ECA
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The ICA and CCA
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The ICA and ECA
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Detailed explanation-1: -The “temporal tap maneuver is used to identify the external carotid artery . Repeated compression (tapping) of the superficial temporal artery (which is located in front of the ear) causes small deflection on the spectral Doppler tracing. The maneuver is not always easy to perform.
Detailed explanation-2: -The examiner should be able to differentiate the internal carotid artery (ICA) from the external carotid artery (ECA). The ICA is located posterior and lateral to the ECA. The ICA is slightly larger than the ECA. The ECA has branches such as the lingual artery, but the ICA does not.
Detailed explanation-3: -Since some disease states may alter the usual diastolic patterns, vigorous tapping on the ipsilateral superficial temporal artery (a branch of the ECA) is customarily used to produce undulation of the Doppler waveform, thus confirming a waveform was obtained in the ECA.
Detailed explanation-4: -Between ICA and ECA via: Maxillary artery branches to ophthalmic artery. Facial artery to ophthalmic artery. Dural collaterals (occipital, ascending pharyngeal, middle meningeal)