APPLIED RADIOLOGICAL ANATOMY

Detailed explanation-1: -Parietal cells (also known as oxyntic cells) are epithelial cells in the stomach that secrete hydrochloric acid (HCl) and intrinsic factor. These cells are located in the gastric glands found in the lining of the fundus and body regions of the stomach.

Detailed explanation-2: -The parietal cells are located in the middle part of the glands of the fundus-body region of the stomach. They secrete gastric acid, i.e. hydrochloric acid (approximately 0.16 M, pH ≥ 0.8) and secrete the intrinsic factor, which is a vitamin B12-binding protein.

Detailed explanation-3: -Parietal cells are numerous and large and present on the stomach gland sidewalls. Hydrochloric acid and Castle’s intrinsic factors are secreted by these cells.

Detailed explanation-4: -Hydrochloric acid secreted from gastric parietal cells generates the strongly acidic environment of the gastric lumen (pH <2) (305), which kills food-derived bacteria, facilitates food digestion, and promotes absorption of minerals including phosphate, calcium, and iron.

Detailed explanation-5: -Parietal cells within the stomach lining secrete hydrochloric acid that lowers the pH of the stomach.