ANATOMY
LIMB VASCULATURE
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Question
[CLICK ON ANY CHOICE TO KNOW THE RIGHT ANSWER]
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The leads in the frontal plane include:
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Bipolar limb leads (I, II, III) only
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Bipolar limb leads I-III AND precordial leads V1-V6
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Augmented voltage leads (aVL, aVF, aVR)
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Precordial leads (V1-V6) only
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Bipolar limb leads (I, II, III) AND augmented voltage leads (aVL, aVF, aVR)
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Explanation:
Detailed explanation-1: -aVR, aVL, and aVF are augmented unipolar leads in the frontal plane, after their inventor Dr. Emanuel Goldberger (known collectively as the Goldberger’s leads). They are derived from the same three electrodes as leads I, II, and III with the reference lead on the limb being sensed and disconnected from the other two.
Detailed explanation-2: -Einthoven described a system of three bipolar leads located at the right arm, left arm, and left leg to form a triangle. Lead I represents the potential difference between the right and left arm; an electrical impulse moving from right to left generates a positive ECG deflection in this lead.
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