APPLIED RADIOLOGICAL ANATOMY

Detailed explanation-1: -Rheumatoid arthritis, or RA, is an autoimmune and inflammatory disease, which means that your immune system attacks healthy cells in your body by mistake, causing inflammation (painful swelling) in the affected parts of the body.

Detailed explanation-2: -Rheumatoid arthritis is a chronic systemic autoimmune disease that primarily involves the joints. Rheumatoid arthritis causes damage mediated by cytokines, chemokines, and metalloproteases.

Detailed explanation-3: -In addition to B-cells, T-cells and macrophages, other immune cells such as mast cell, DCs and natural killer (NK) cells have also been reported to mediate RA pathophysiology.

Detailed explanation-4: -Immune-mediated rheumatic diseases (IMRDs), such as rheumatoid arthritis, spondyloarthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, systemic sclerosis, and vasculitis, are leading causes of frailty in developing countries.