APPLIED RADIOLOGICAL ANATOMY

Detailed explanation-1: -Parts of the hypogastric sheath: Anterior lamina – Lateral ligament of bladder. Middle lamina – Transverse cervical ligament, rectovesical septum in males. Posterior lamina – Presacral fascia, uterosacral ligament.

Detailed explanation-2: -The cardinal ligaments, also known as transverse cervical ligaments or Mackenrodt ligaments, are paired structures that act to support the pelvic organs of the female pelvis.

Detailed explanation-3: -The cardinal ligament attaches the lateral side of the vagina and cervix to the lateral pelvic wall, which provides support to the vagina and cervix. Studies have shown variable findings in the collagen content and distribution in the cardinal ligaments of women with a prolapsed uterus.

Detailed explanation-4: -The parietal pelvic fascia, or endopelvic fascia, covers the surface of the sacrum, coccyx, and muscles of the pelvic side walls (piriformis, coccygeal). It is thickened over the sacrum and coccyx, where it forms a protective cover over troublesome presacral veins that may bleed during inaccurate rectal mobilization.