APPLIED RADIOLOGICAL ANATOMY

Detailed explanation-1: -The bladder has three openings. The two ureters enter the bladder at ureteric orifices, and the urethra enters at the trigone of the bladder. These ureteric openings have mucosal flaps in front of them that act as valves in preventing the backflow of urine into the ureters, known as vesicoureteral reflux.

Detailed explanation-2: -The bladder and urethra Once the urine reaches the bladder, it stays there until you empty it (urinate/wee). Urine (wee) leaves your body by passing through a narrow tube called the urethra.

Detailed explanation-3: -Once in the bladder, the ureteral valve, a mechanism that is not well understood, prevents backflow of urine to the kidney that can cause severe damage and induce end-stage renal disease.

Detailed explanation-4: -Vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) is a condition in which urine flows backward from the bladder to one or both ureters and sometimes to the kidneys. VUR is most common in infants and young children. Most children don’t have long-term problems from VUR.